Interposition arthroplasty using an acellular dermal matrix scaffold.

We have used arthroscopic debridement and interposition arthroplasty with an acellular dermal matrix allograft in treatment of first carpometacarpal joint arthritis successfully in a limited number of patients. The purpose of this investigation was to study the use of an acellular dermal matrix graft in a rabbit model of interposition arthroplasty. Eleven rabbits underwent excision of the lunate bone and interposition of extensor tendon (control) or dermal matrix graft (experimental). Radiographic analysis and either histological or vascular studies were performed. No adverse immunological response was noted. Increasing fibroblast like cells were noted over time in both groups with greater infiltration in control specimens. Vascular infusion showed infiltration in both arthroplasty groups. Both groups maintained the resection space and promoted cellular ingrowth without adverse immune response. Vascular infiltration occurred in both arthroplasty groups. These results support use of this graft in interposition arthroplasty.